Development of high-resolution fossil fuel carbon dioxide and fossil fuel carbon monoxide emissions product

Integration of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions with local air pollution measurements and modeling remains limited but of increasing importance to scientific research and urban environmental policy. Understanding the intersection of these two categories of emissions across the urban landscape offers cities the opportunity to capture the benefits of GHG mitigation with ongoing efforts towards compliance with air quality (AQ) regulations. Co-measurement of GHGs and local air pollutants brings scientific insight to quantitative emissions source composition and feedbacks between emissions and urban atmospheres. While there is a long history of generating space/time-resolved AQ emissions inventories, there remains acknowledged issues of quality when compared to atmospheric monitoring. Similarly, there has been little integration of AQ inventory work with the new bottom-up high-resolution CO2 inventory developments in the United States at the urban scale.
We propose to add fossil fuel carbon monoxide (FFCO) emissions to an existing state-of-the-art high-resolution fossil fuel CO2 (FFCO2) emissions data product system. This will leverage the 15 year development investment in the Vulcan and Hestia projects (NASA, NIST, NSF) and will result in a national 1 km2/hourly FFCO2/FFCO emissions data product and a ?nested/zoomed?. FFCO2/FFCO emissions data product in the Indianapolis, Baltimore, and the Los Angeles Megacity domains (sub-1km2). Both Vulcan and Hestia have now been tested against atmospheric measurements and both show encouraging levels of consistency. More importantly, both data products currently use the CO emissions reporting in the National Emissions Inventory (NEI) as a key piece of information (among others). Experience using CO emissions within these systems, including underlying reasons for CO emissions biases, offers the possibility that a Vulcan/Hestia-produced FFCO emissions data product would be both different from current EPA estimates and more consistent with atmospheric monitoring. The FFCO2/FFCO emissions data product will be made available through the existing Vulcan/Hestia repository hosts at NIST (the Hestia FFCO data product for Indianapolis, Baltimore, and the Los Angeles Megacity) and the ORNL DAAC (the Vulcan 1 km2 FFCO data product).