In March 2022, representatives from NOAA, NASA, DOE, and multiple academic institutions formed the US CLIVAR Air-Sea Transition Zone Study Group with a goal of developing detailed scientific recommendations to advance our capability of observing and understanding the role of air-sea interactions in predictions and projections. The group, funded in part by the Climate Variability & Predictability (CVP) and Modeling, Analysis, Predictions and Projections (MAPP) Programs within the Climate Program Office, published its report on OpenSky in August, 2023. The report recommends four strategies to advance observing and modeling capabilities and understanding of air-sea interaction at time scales from weeks to decades: develop observational and modeling technology for coupled ocean-atmosphere prediction, observe the air-sea transition zone in strategic regions, expand observations of extremes and other challenging regimes, and develop a global observing network to monitor key air-sea coupling variables.This report seeks to promote work that advances the protection of people, property, and environmental resources from extreme weather, seasonal patterns, and climate change.